Composition of Fatty Acids, Total Sterols and Total Polyphenol Content of the Oils of Six Oilseeds..

The fatty acid, sterol, and complete polyphenol composition of Ricinodendron heudelotii, Terminalia catappa, Moringa oleifera, Cyperus esculentus, Sesamum indicum, and Coula edulis oils will be determined in this analysis.

Ricinodendron almonds were used as the study's plant material. heudelotii, Terminalia catappa, Moringa oleifera, Cyperus esculentus rhizomes, Sesamum indicum seeds, and Coula edulis hazelnuts were collected in 2017 in different growing areas of Côte d'Ivoire.

The research was carried out at the Laboratory of Industrial Processes, Synthesis, Climate, and New Energies, National Polytechnic Institute Félix Houphout-Boigny, Côte d'Ivoire, between November 2017 and June 2018.

Methodology: Oil was extracted from oil-bearing organs of various plants by macerating crushed sections of these organs in hexane at a crushed/solvent ratio of 1:10 (grams/volume) for 6 hours at room temperature. These oils were analysed using gas chromatography to assess the fatty acid profile, followed by gas chromatography combined with a mass spectrometer to determine sterols and a UV-visible spectrophotometer to quantify polyphenols.

The findings indicate that four fatty acids dominate the fatty acid composition of the various oils: oleic (18.89 - 93.93 percent), linoleic (1.03 - 43.2 percent), palmitic (2.65 - 35.6 percent), and stearic (2.65 - 35.6 percent) (1.09 - 11.66 percent ). We also mention average unsaponifiable matter (0.5 - 1.71 percent) and sterols, with sitosterol, stigmasterol, and campesterol dominating. The values obtained for polyphenols range from 52.09 to 863.67 g gallic acid equivalent/g oil.

Conclusion: The existence of sterols, phenolic compounds, and unsaturated fatty acids in large quantities in these oils suggests that they are valuable sources of edible oils that are beneficial to human health.

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