Correlation of Clinico Pathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases in a Tertiary Health Centre in South- S

Background: Skin biopsies are often used to assist clinical diagnosis of a variety of skin diseases, as well as a follow-up on the clinicopathological correlation to increase the accuracy of skin disease diagnosis.

The aim of this study is to find factors that influence the association between clinical diagnosis and histopathologic findings, such as clinical history and differential diagnosis.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients who had skin biopsies between January 2016 and November 2019 at a Tertiary Hospital in South-South Nigeria's Dermatology Out-Patient Clinic.

Records of clinical notes and results of skin biopsies of appropriate cases seen at the out-patient clinic between January 2016 and November 2019 were collected using convenience sampling. The age, gender, folder number, clinical history and diagnosis, histologic report, and histologic diagnosis of the patient were all recorded. If the provisional clinical diagnosis or either of the differential diagnoses matched with the histopathologic diagnosis, the findings were considered correlating, and discordant when the provisional clinical diagnosis or differential diagnosis differed from the histopathologic diagnosis.

The outcomes of 60 skin biopsies were reported and analysed. Sixteen (26.7%) men and 44 (73.3%) women were among the patients, with a mean age of 35.5 years + 16.8. Papulosquamous diseases accounted for 24 cases (40 percent), tumours for 12 cases (20 percent), eczematous dermatoses for 8 cases (13.3 percent), infections for 2 cases (3.3 percent), vesiculobullous dermatoses for 2 cases (3.3 percent), and miscellaneous diseases for 12 cases (40 percent) (20.1 percent ). There were 45.8% lichen planus, 41.7 percent psoriasis, 8.3 percent pityriasis rubra pilaris, and 4.2 percent lichen nitidus among papulosquamous dermatoses.

Just 4 (6.6%) of the patients received a provisional diagnosis with differential, while 56 (94.4%) received only the clinical diagnosis. In 43 patients (71.7%), there was clinicopathologic agreement, and in 17 patients, there was discordance (28.3 percent ). The importance was illustrated by a p value of 0.012 and a kappa coefficient of 0.44.

Overall, there was a strong link between clinical and histopathologic diagnosis. The pathologist is helped by an accurate definition of the lesion along with the best possible clinical diagnosis.

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