Flood Vulnerability Assessment of Communities in Akwa Ibom, Nigeria

Floods are instinctive events, however, on account of various anthropogenic exercises coupled with climate change, inundation tends to be two together human-induced and everyday events. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) techniques can spatially process various physical-material parameters in flood risk assessment and the study determine the extent of exposure among the societies in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. From the analysis, spatial in consideration of 932.26 km2 (13.48%) showed low flood exposure level while a spatial in consideration of 3411.37 km2 (49.33%) and 2572.09 km2 (37.19%) indicated moderate and high flood exposure levels respectively. At the Local Government Areas (LGAs) level, the reduced vulnerability covers 932.27 km2 which depicted 13.48% of the entire LGAs in Akwa Ibom State, the medium vulnerability covers a geographical extent of 3411.37 km2 that represented 49.33% of the entire state while the extreme vulnerability covers a spatial in consideration of 2572.09 km2 which depicted 37.19% of the LGAs in the state. The outcome further disclosed that Two (2) LGAs are found inside the low vulnerability, nineteen (19) LGAs are erect within the medium vulnerability while ten (10) LGAs are raise within the extreme vulnerability. At the community level, the reasoning indicated that among the 795 societies in the state, 138 of the societies which represent 17.36% of the whole communities have reduced vulnerability to flood hazards, 429 communities at 53.96% have medium exposure level while 228 communities which show 28.68% of the entire societies in the state have high flood exposure level. The generated maps and identified LGAs and societies at different flood exposure zones are useful in all steps of trouble management (stop, mitigation, preparedness, movements, relief and recovery) and bear be considered all along initial planning.

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