Studies on the Physicochemical Effects of pH, Sulphate and Zinc Concentrations on the Water Samples

Owing to the inclusion of foreign products from the environment, much of our water supplies are increasingly being contaminated. This include agricultural waste from plants and animals, washing of soil surfaces, and industrial and sewage waste. Now, in most major metropolitan cities, the issue of environmental contamination due to toxic metals has started to cause concern. Throughout the year, Nsukka's surroundings have been plagued with perennial water supply problems and a better understanding of its physicochemical status in water would help to solve this challenging problem and human health issues. The research was carried out in the region of Nsukka on utility water sources. For this research work, thirteen sampling areas consisting of four boreholes, six dug wells and three springs were selected. A total of 26 water samples were taken during the dry season from the sampling areas and a further 26 samples during the rainy season. Water samples from these sampling areas were obtained and refrigerated for processing at 4 °C. The concentration of zinc was calculated by a spectrophotometric method in each sample. The pH was calculated using the Harch Model C50 digital multi-range metre. The spectrophotometric method also determined chemical parameters such as sulphate. To assess if there was faecal contamination through the use of multiple tube/most likely number techniques, bacteriological analysis of the water samples was performed. Compared with the wet season, the sulphate concentration of water samples from spring sources increased significantly (p<0.05) during the dry season (iiwhen). In contrast to all other test samples, there is no important difference (p>0.05) in the zinc concentration.

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