Total Phenolic Compounds Extraction in Leaves of Ocimum gratissimum L. and Their Potential Activity

Aims: Phenolic chemicals are secondary metabolites that are significant in plants because of their antioxidant activity as well as other biological qualities like antipyretic, analgesic, and antibacterial capabilities. The biological potential activity of total phenolic compounds extracted by the soxhlet technique from Ocimum gratissimum leaves (Lamiaceae), a prominent medicinal plant gathered in Daloa (Côte d'Ivoire), was the subject of this investigation.

The activities were focused on in vitro antifungal and antioxidant capabilities, as well as the study of phenolic chemicals.

Between March and July 2014, the research was conducted at the Department of Environment and Plant Protection, as well as the Laboratory of Chemistry and Biochemistry, at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine (USAMV), and between September and January 2015, at the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Microbiology (Bioactives Natural Substances Unit), at Jean Lorougnon Guédé University.

Methodology: The TPCOG extract was tested for antifungal and antioxidant activities against Fusarium species using the agar slant twofold dilution method and the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The HPLC analysis method was used to perform qualitative and quantitative evaluations of phenolic compounds using sigma chemical standards.

Results: Tests showed that TPCOG was a powerful antifungal extract with MIC and MFC ranging between 3.125 µg/mL to 12.5 µg/mL. This extract was fungicidal and its antioxidant activity reached F= 541.25± .25 mM Trolox/mL (I= 70 ±1.85%) with a total phenolic content equal 195.70±1.33 mg GAE/g. Radical scavenge and antifungal activities correlated very well with total phenolic compounds. Phenolic content analysis showed presence of phenolic acids and flavonoids with a higher concentration for Quercetin (393.475 mg/100 g sample).

Conclusion: The biological potential activity of total phenolic compounds extracted from O. gratissimum leaves was demonstrated, as was the prospect of using it in place of essential oil in the development of biofungicides and nutraceuticals by enterprises.

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